Experimental Activity 6 Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases

Experimental Activity 6

Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases

Purpose of experiment

1.Deepen the understanding of the main properties of acids and bases.

2,Explain some phenomena in life through experiments.

Experimental Supplies

Test tubes, medicine spoons, evaporating dishes, glass rods.

Dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, dilute sodium hydroxide solution, calcium hydroxide solution, copper sulfate solution, calcium hydroxide powder, litmus solution, phenolphthalein solution, PH test paper, rusty iron nails

Experimental steps

1.Perform an experiment with reference to the diagram below to compare the effects of acids and bases with indicators.

2.Take two rusty iron nails and put them into two test tubes, then add about 2mL of dilute hydrochloric acid, and observe the phenomenon. When it is observed that the rust on the surface of the iron nail is removed and becomes bright, the iron nail in one of the test tubes is taken out and washed. Continue to observe the phenomenon in another test tube, take out the iron nail after a period of time, and wash it. Compare two iron nails.

3. Add about 2 mL of copper sulfate solution to the test tube, then drop a few drops of sodium hydroxide solution, and observe the phenomenon. Then add dilute hydrochloric acid to the test tube and observe the phenomenon.

4. Add about 1 mL of sodium hydroxide solution to the test tube, and add a few drops of phenolphthalein solution. Then slowly drop dilute hydrochloric acid in with a dropper, while constantly shaking the test tube, until the color of the solution just becomes colorless. Take about 1 mL of the colorless solution, place it in an evaporating dish and heat it, evaporate the liquid to dryness, and observe the phenomenon.

5. Add the same amount of calcium hydroxide powder to each of the two test tubes (pick a little at one end of the handle of the medicine spoon), then add 1 mL of water to each of the two test tubes, shake; then add 1 to 2 drops of phenolphthalein solution to each of the two test tubes, and observe the phenomenon. Continue to add about 1 mL of water to one of the test tubes and oscillate; add about 1 mL of dilute hydrochloric acid to the other test tube and oscillate; compare the phenomena in the two test tubes.