Lesson 2: The first Nobel Prize was awarded

Lesson 2: The first Nobel Prize was awarded

　　Reuters Stockholm, Dec. 10, 1901 - The King of Sweden and the Norwegian Nobel Foundation today awarded the Nobel Prize for the first time. According to Nobel's will, "The Nobel Prize is awarded annually to those who, during the past year, have done the greatest service to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and the cause of peace."

This year's Nobel Prize winners are: Germany's Röntgen (Physics Prize), who discovered X-rays; the Netherlands' Vanthof (Chemistry Prize), who discovered the laws of chemical kinetics and osmotic pressure; Germany's Behring (Physiology or Medicine Prize), who was successful in the study of serum therapy; France's Prudhomme (Literature Prize), who was quite successful in the creation of poetry. The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Dinan of Switzerland, who founded the Red Cross in 1864, and to Passy, an economist who established the Inter-Parliamentary Union for the promotion of international arbitration.

　　From now on, according to Nobel's will, the Nobel Prizes are awarded by four institutions (three in Sweden and one in Norway), from a fund established under Nobel's will. The awarding ceremony is held annually in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

In 1867, the Swedish chemist Nobel invented yellow dynamite, and later invented a variety of explosives, which made him a huge income. 1896 Nobel died, this huge sum of money to establish the Nobel Prize. The annual interest on the funds he left behind will pay for these five Nobel Prizes. The Nobel Foundation is the legal owner of the funds and manages the investment of the funds, but has nothing to do with the awarding of the Nobel Prize. The right to judge the Nobel Prize belongs to the Nobel Prize Jury in Sweden and Norway.