Lesson 8: The confrontation between Jin and Southern Song（599words）

The Rise of the Jurchen

The Njin are one of the ancient peoples of China, living in the Heilongjiang River valley and the Changbai Mountains, and leading a nomadic life of fishing and hunting. During the Liao and Song dynasties, the Njin were under the control and oppression of the Liao. At that time, there were many tribes in the Feminist tribe, among which the Wanyan tribe gradually annexed many tribes, and at the end of the 11th century, the leader of the Wanyan tribe, Ah Bone, further completed the unification of the Feminist tribes. Since then, the power of the women's true tribe has been increasing.

At the beginning of the 12th century, A Bonehead rose against the Liao and defeated the Liao army. 1115, A Bonehead formally established the Women's True Regime under the name of Da Jin, and he became the Jin Emperor. The Jin Emperor imitated the system of the Chinese dynasty, reformed the military and political system of the female tribes, issued the female script, and developed production, and the female power grew rapidly.

Jin destroyed Liao and the Northern Song Dynasty

When the Jin dynasty was on the rise, the Liao and Northern Song dynasties were in crisis, their rulers were corrupt and incompetent, and the people were revolting. When the Jin army captured some areas of Liao, the Northern Song court wanted to use Jin's power to recover the lost territories occupied by Liao, so it sent an envoy to contact Jin and both sides made a pact to attack Liao.

The two sides made an alliance and agreed to attack the Liao dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty was defeated by the Liao army. In 1125, Liao was annihilated by Jin.

In the process of joining forces with the Northern Song to attack Liao, Jin saw the political corruption and military incompetence of the Northern Song and launched a war against Song after the destruction of Liao. In 1127, the Jin army broke through Kaifeng and the Northern Song Dynasty fell.

The Southern Song's Partiality

After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Gou, the younger brother of Song Qinzong, ascended to the throne, which became Song Gaozong and later set the capital at Lin'an, known as the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin army made several major trips southward, and the soldiers and people of the Southern Song Dynasty rose up to resist. Yue Fei and other anti-Jin generals led the northern expedition and recovered many lost territories from the Jin army. The "Yue Family Army" led by Yue Fei defeated the main force of the Jin army at the Ministry of City, and took advantage of the victory to pursue the attack and forced the Jin army to retreat. In the hope of recovering the Central Plains, Song Emperor Gaozong and the powerful minister Qin Hui, fearing that the anti-Jin forces would grow and endanger their rule, sought peace with Jin, ordered Yue Fei to leave the army, and killed him on "trumped up" charges. Song and Jin reached a peace agreement, the Southern Song dynasty to the Jin, and to give Jin yearly currency, the two sides to Huai Shui to Dasan Pass a line delineating the boundary, Song and Jin standoff situation formed. Later, Jin moved its capital to Yanjing and changed its name to Zhongdu. The rulers of Southern Song were satisfied with the status quo and settled in a corner of South China.（599words）